Experimental investigation of the influence of solidity on the performance and flow field aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbines at low Reynolds numbers

摘要

This paper shows the results of an experimental investigation into the effect of changes in solidity on the\udperformance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. Two VAWT configurations are used, one of solidity s ¼ 0.26\ud(chord C ¼ 0.03 m) and the other with s ¼ 0.34 (C ¼ 0.04 m). The turbine performance coefficient (Cp)\udwas measured over a range of tip speed ratios and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to\uddetermine the flow field around both turbine configurations.\udPerformance (Cpel) curves for the two VAWTs are compared at the same Reynolds numbers to\udinvestigate the effects of solidity alone on the performance and aerodynamics of each configuration. The\udhigher solidity (s ¼ 0.34) VAWT attained a similar maximum Cp but with a narrower Cpel curve than the\udlower solidity VAWT. The performance differences between the two VAWT configurations at two tip\udspeed ratios are explained in detail using PIV around both VAWT rotor blades. This allows the linking of\uddetailed aerodynamics to the performance and it was shown that the generation and shedding of stall\udvortices started earlier on the lower solidity VAWT than the higher solidity VAWT, thus limiting the rotor\udefficiency.